Large language models of artificial intelligence (AI), such as ChatGPT, find remarkable but controversial applicability in science and research. This paper reviews epistemological challenges, ethical and integrity risks in science conduct in the advent of generative AI. This is with the aim to lay new timely foundations for a high-quality research ethics review. The role of AI language models as a research instrument and subject is scrutinized along with ethical implications for scientists, participants and reviewers. New emerging practices for research ethics review are discussed, concluding with ten recommendations that shape a response for a more responsible research conduct in the era of AI.

翻译：人工智能的大语言模型（如ChatGPT）在科学和研究中展现出引人注目但颇具争议的适用性。本文旨在梳理生成式AI兴起背景下科学实践中的认识论挑战、伦理与诚信风险，为建立高质量研究伦理审查的及时新基础奠定基础。本文审视了AI语言模型作为研究工具与研究对象所发挥的作用，及其对科学家、参与者和审稿人产生的伦理影响。文中探讨了新涌现的研究伦理审查实践，并最终提出十项建议，旨在塑造AI时代更负责任的研究行为。