As natural disasters become more frequent and severe, ensuring a resilient communications infrastructure is of paramount importance for effective disaster response and recovery. This disaster-resilient infrastructure should also respond to sustainability goals by providing an energy-efficient and economically feasible network that is accessible to everyone. This paper provides a comprehensive exploration of the technological solutions and strategies necessary to build and maintain resilient communications networks that can withstand and quickly recover from disaster scenarios. The paper starts with a survey of existing literature and related reviews to establish a solid foundation, followed by an overview of the global landscape of disaster communications and power supply management. We then introduce the key enablers of communications and energy resource technologies to support communications infrastructure, examining emerging trends that improve the resilience of these systems. Pre-disaster planning is emphasized as a critical phase where proactive communication and energy supply strategies can significantly mitigate the impact of disasters. We explore the essential technologies for disaster response, focusing on real-time communications and energy solutions that support rapid deployment and coordination in times of crisis. The paper presents post-disaster communication and energy management planning for effective rescue and evacuation operations. The main findings derived from the comprehensive survey are also summarized for each disaster phase. This is followed by an analysis of existing vendor products and services as well as standardization efforts and ongoing projects that contribute to the development of resilient infrastructures. A detailed case study of the Turkiye earthquakes is presented to illustrate the practical application of these technologies and strategies.

翻译：随着自然灾害日益频发且愈发严重，确保具备韧性的通信基础设施对于有效的灾害响应与恢复至关重要。这种抗灾基础设施还应通过提供高能效、经济可行且人人可及的网络来响应可持续发展目标。本文全面探讨了构建和维护能够承受灾害场景并快速恢复的韧性通信网络所需的技术解决方案与策略。论文首先通过综述现有文献及相关评述建立坚实基础，继而概述全球灾害通信与电力供应管理的整体格局。随后，我们介绍了支撑通信基础设施的关键使能技术——通信与能源资源技术，并审视了提升这些系统韧性的新兴趋势。灾前规划被强调为关键阶段，主动的通信与能源供应策略可显著减轻灾害影响。我们探讨了灾害响应的核心技术，重点关注支持危机期间快速部署与协调的实时通信与能源解决方案。本文提出了面向高效救援与疏散行动的灾后通信与能源管理规划，并总结了各灾害阶段的主要研究发现。进而分析了现有供应商产品与服务、标准化工作及推动韧性基础设施发展的持续项目。最后以土耳其地震为例进行详细案例研究，以阐明这些技术与策略的实际应用。