In this paper, models of the blood glucose (BG) dynamics in people with Type 1 diabetes (T1D) in response to moderate intensity aerobic activity are derived from physiology-based first principles and system identification experiments. We show that by enhancing insulin-dependent glucose utilization by the tissues in two phases, a rapid short-term increase in insulin-independent glucose clearance and augmented glucose uptake, and a long-term sustained increase sensitivity to insulin action, a metabolic model able to reproduce the effects of activity on glucose disposal is obtained. Second, a control-oriented transfer function model is proposed to predict the BG response to an exercise bout modeled as a step change in heart rate (HR). Results comparing model predictions with actual patients data collected in a series of experimental sessions including physical activity (PA) are presented. The findings will contribute to the design of a fully automated closed-loop for improved glucose control in conditions of daily life for people with T1D.

翻译：本文基于生理学第一性原理和系统辨识实验，推导了1型糖尿病患者在中等强度有氧运动下血糖动态的响应模型。研究表明，通过增强胰岛素依赖性葡萄糖利用（分为两阶段：短期快速增加的胰岛素非依赖性葡萄糖清除与葡萄糖摄取增强，以及长期持续的胰岛素敏感性提升），可获得能够复现运动对葡萄糖代谢影响的代谢模型。其次，提出了一种面向控制的传递函数模型，用于预测以心率阶跃变化表征的运动刺激下的血糖响应。本文展示了模型预测结果与包含体力活动的系列实验中所采集的真实患者数据的对比分析。这些发现将有助于设计全自动闭环系统，从而在日常生活条件下改善1型糖尿病患者的血糖控制水平。