The consensus algorithm is crucial in blockchain for ensuring the validity and security of transactions across the decentralized network. However, achieving consensus among nodes and packaging blocks in blockchain networks is a complex task that requires efficient and secure consensus algorithms. The DPoS consensus algorithm has emerged as a popular choice due to its fast transaction processing and high throughput. Despite these advantages, the algorithm still suffers from weaknesses such as centralization and vulnerability to long-range attacks, which can compromise the integrity of the blockchain network. To combat these problems, we developed an Enhanced Anti-Long-Range Attack DPoS algorithm (HL-DPoS). First, we split nodes into pieces to reduce centralization issues while giving witness nodes the power to report and benefit from malicious node's reports, maintaining high efficiency and high security. Second, we propose a validation method in HL-DPoS that compares consensuses transactions with the longest chain to detect long-range attacks. Algorithm analysis and simulation experiment results demonstrate that our HL-DPoS consensus algorithm improves security while achieving better consensus performance.

翻译：共识算法在区块链中至关重要，它确保去中心化网络中交易的有效性和安全性。然而，在区块链网络中实现节点间的共识及区块打包是一项复杂的任务，需要高效且安全的共识算法。DPoS共识算法因其快速的交易处理能力和高吞吐量而成为热门选择。尽管具有这些优势，该算法仍存在诸如中心化倾向和易受长程攻击等弱点，这些可能危及区块链网络的完整性。为解决这些问题，我们提出了一种增强型抗长程攻击的DPoS算法（HL-DPoS）。首先，我们将节点分片以缓解中心化问题，同时赋予见证节点报告恶意节点并从中获益的权限，从而保持高效率和安全性。其次，我们在HL-DPoS中提出一种验证方法，通过将共识交易与最长链进行比较来检测长程攻击。算法分析与仿真实验结果表明，我们的HL-DPoS共识算法在提升安全性的同时，实现了更优的共识性能。