[Context] Artificial intelligence (AI) components used in building software solutions have substantially increased in recent years. However, many of these solutions end up focusing on technical aspects and ignore critical human-centered aspects. [Objective] Including human-centered aspects during requirements engineering (RE) when building AI-based software can help achieve more responsible, unbiased, and inclusive AI-based software solutions. [Method] In this paper, we present a new framework developed based on human-centered AI guidelines and a user survey to aid in collecting requirements for human-centered AI-based software. We provide a catalog to elicit these requirements and a conceptual model to present them visually. [Results] The framework is applied to a case study to elicit and model requirements for enhancing the quality of 360 degree~videos intended for virtual reality (VR) users. [Conclusion] We found that our proposed approach helped the project team fully understand the needs of the project to deliver. Furthermore, the framework helped to understand what requirements need to be captured at the initial stages against later stages in the engineering process of AI-based software.
翻译:[背景] 近年来,用于构建软件解决方案的人工智能组件显著增加。然而,这些解决方案往往侧重于技术层面,而忽视了关键的以人为本方面。[目标] 在构建基于人工智能的软件时,将以人为本的方面纳入需求工程有助于实现更负责任、无偏见且包容性更强的AI软件解决方案。[方法] 本文基于以人为本的AI指南和用户调研,提出一个新的框架,用以辅助收集以人为本的AI软件需求。我们提供了一个需求提取目录和一个用于可视化呈现需求的概念模型。[结果] 该框架被应用于一个案例研究,以提取和建模提升面向虚拟现实用户的360度视频质量的需求。[结论] 我们发现,提出的方法帮助项目团队全面理解项目交付所需。此外,该框架有助于理解在AI软件工程过程中,哪些需求需要在初始阶段捕获,而哪些应在后续阶段获取。