Signed spiking neurons carry richer information than standard spiking neurons. This work proposes a compact magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ)-based neuron for signed leaky integrate-and-fire (LIF) operation. With orthogonal easy axes in the free and pinned layers, the device enables bipolar spike generation and maps magnetic-moment dynamics to signed LIF membrane-potential evolution. Landau--Lifshitz--Gilbert simulations show that proper free-layer dimensions allow the device response to follow a signed LIF equation. A representative design of 10 nm x 45 nm x 50 nm corresponds to an aspect ratio of about 2:9:10. Network evaluations using the fitted device-neuron model achieve 91.06% on CIFAR-10 and 77.40% on CIFAR10-DVS, retaining most of the accuracy of ideal signed LIF neurons.

翻译：有符号脉冲神经元携带比标准脉冲神经元更丰富的信息。本文提出了一种基于紧凑型磁隧道结（MTJ）的神经元，用于实现有符号泄漏积分与发射（LIF）操作。该器件中自由层与钉扎层具有正交易轴，可实现双极性脉冲生成，并将磁矩动力学映射为有符号LIF膜电位演化过程。朗道-利夫希茨-吉尔伯特（LLG）仿真表明，适当设置自由层尺寸可使器件响应遵循有符号LIF方程。代表性设计尺寸为10 nm×45 nm×50 nm，对应约2:9:10的纵横比。基于拟合器件-神经元模型的网络评估在CIFAR-10数据集上达到91.06%准确率，在CIFAR10-DVS数据集上达到77.40%准确率，基本保留了理想有符号LIF神经元的精度。