Background: OSS projects face various challenges. One major challenge is to onboard and integrate newcomers to the project. Aim: We aim to understand and discuss the challenges newcomers face when joining an OSS project and present evidence on how hackathons can mitigate those challenges. Method: We conducted two searches on digital libraries to (1) explore challenges faced by newcomers to join OSS projects, and (2) collect evidence on how hackathons were used to address them. We defined four evidence categories (positive, inconclusive, and no evidence) to classify evidence how hackathons address challenges. In addition, we investigated whether a hackathon event was related to an OSS project or not. Result: We identified a range of newcomer challenges that were successfully addressed using hackathons. However, not all of the solutions we identified were applied in the context of OSS. Conclusion: There seems to be potential in using hackathons to overcome newcomers' challenges in OSS projects and allow them to integrate faster into the project.

翻译：背景：开源项目面临诸多挑战，其中一大挑战是如何吸纳并整合新成员加入项目。目的：旨在理解并探讨新人加入开源项目时面临的挑战，呈现黑客松如何缓解这些挑战的证据。方法：我们在数字图书馆中进行两次检索，以（1）探究新人加入开源项目面临的挑战，及（2）收集黑客松如何应对这些挑战的证据。我们定义了四类证据（积极证据、不确定证据和无证据）来分类黑客松应对挑战的效果。此外，我们考察了黑客松事件是否与某个开源项目相关。结果：我们识别出一系列通过黑客松成功解决的新人挑战，但并非所有解决方案都应用于开源项目场景。结论：黑客松在帮助开源项目新人克服挑战、加速其融入项目方面具有潜在价值。