The main subjects of this text are: (1) Generalization of concepts and operations, like distance and size, to situations where they are not definable in the usual way. (2) A pragmatic theory of handling contradictions using reliability of the information sources. (3) Relation of formal semantics to brain processes. (4) Remarks on Yablo's coding of the liar paradox in infinite acyclic graphs.

翻译：该案文的主要议题是:(1) 概念和操作,如距离和大小,普遍化为通常无法界定的概念和操作。 (2) 利用信息来源的可靠性处理矛盾的实用理论。 (3) 正式语义与大脑过程的关系。 (4) Yablo在无穷循环图表中对谎言悖论的编码的评论。