In recent months, the social impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has gained considerable public interest, driven by the emergence of Generative AI models, ChatGPT in particular. The rapid development of these models has sparked heated discussions regarding their benefits, limitations, and associated risks. Generative models hold immense promise across multiple domains, such as healthcare, finance, and education, to cite a few, presenting diverse practical applications. Nevertheless, concerns about potential adverse effects have elicited divergent perspectives, ranging from privacy risks to escalating social inequality. This paper adopts a methodology to delve into the societal implications of Generative AI tools, focusing primarily on the case of ChatGPT. It evaluates the potential impact on several social sectors and illustrates the findings of a comprehensive literature review of both positive and negative effects, emerging trends, and areas of opportunity of Generative AI models. This analysis aims to facilitate an in-depth discussion by providing insights that can inspire policy, regulation, and responsible development practices to foster a human-centered AI.

翻译：近几个月来，随着生成式AI模型（尤其是ChatGPT）的出现，人工智能（AI）的社会影响引起了公众的广泛关注。这些模型的快速发展引发了关于其益处、局限性及相关风险的激烈讨论。生成模型在医疗、金融、教育等多个领域展现出巨大潜力，具有多样化的实际应用。然而，对其潜在负面效应的担忧也引发了不同视角的争议，从隐私风险到社会不平等加剧。本文采用一种方法论深入探讨生成式AI工具的社会影响，主要聚焦于ChatGPT案例。它评估了对多个社会领域的潜在影响，并通过对生成式AI模型正面与负面效应、新兴趋势及机遇领域的综合文献综述结果进行了阐释。本分析旨在通过提供能够启发政策、法规及负责任开发实践的见解，促进深入讨论，从而推动以人类为中心的AI发展。