As an innovative technology for enhancing authenticity, security, and risk management, blockchain is being widely adopted in trade and finance systems. The unique capabilities of blockchain, such as immutability and transparency, enable new business models of distributed data storage, point-to-point transactions, and decentralized autonomous organizations. In this paper, we focus on blockchain-based securities trading, in which blockchain technology plays a vital role in financial services as it ultimately lifts trust and frees the need for third-party verification by using consensus-based verification. We investigate the 12 most popular blockchain platforms and elaborate on 6 platforms that are related to finance, seeking to provide a panorama of securities trading practices. Meanwhile, this survey provides a comprehensive summary of blockchain-based securities trading applications. We gather numerous practical applications of blockchain-based securities trading and categorize them into four distinct categories. For each category, we introduce a typical example and explain how blockchain contributes to solving the key problems faced by FinTech companies and researchers. Finally, we provide interesting observations ranging from mainstream blockchain-based financial institutions to security issues of decentralized finance applications, aiming to picture the current blockchain ecosystem in finance.

翻译：作为增强真实性、安全性和风险管理的创新技术，区块链正被广泛应用于贸易和金融系统。区块链的独特能力（如不可篡改性和透明性）催生了分布式数据存储、点对点交易和去中心化自治组织等新型商业模式。本文聚焦于基于区块链的证券交易领域，其中区块链技术通过采用共识验证机制从根本上提升信任度、消除第三方验证需求，在金融服务中发挥着至关重要的作用。我们对12个最热门的区块链平台进行调研，并详细阐述了6个与金融相关的平台，力求呈现证券交易实践的全景图。同时，本综述系统总结了基于区块链的证券交易应用，收集了大量实践案例并将其归类为四大类别。针对每个类别，我们引入典型范例，阐释区块链如何助力解决金融科技公司与研究人员面临的关键问题。最后，我们从主流区块链金融机构到去中心化金融应用的安全问题展开有趣探讨，旨在勾勒当前金融领域的区块链生态系统全貌。