Abstract. The risks AI presents to society are broadly understood to be manageable through general calculus, i.e., general frameworks designed to enable those involved in the development of AI to apprehend and manage risk, such as AI impact assessments, ethical frameworks, emerging international standards, and regulations. This paper elaborates how risk is apprehended and managed by a regulator, developer and cyber-security expert. It reveals that risk and risk management is dependent on mundane situated practices not encapsulated in general calculus. Situated practice surfaces iterable epistopics, revealing how those involved in the development of AI know and subsequently respond to risk and uncover major challenges in their work. The ongoing discovery and elaboration of epistopics of risk in AI a) furnishes a potential program of interdisciplinary inquiry, b) provides AI developers with a means of apprehending risk, and c) informs the ongoing evolution of general calculus.

翻译：摘要：人工智能（AI）对社会带来的风险被普遍认为可通过通用计算框架进行管理，即通过设计通用框架使AI开发相关方能够识别并管理风险，例如AI影响评估、伦理框架、新兴国际标准与法规。本文详细阐述了监管机构、开发人员及网络安全专家如何识别与管理风险。研究表明，风险及其管理依赖于具体情境中的日常实践，这些实践并未被通用计算框架所涵盖。情境化实践呈现出可迭代的认知范式，揭示了AI开发相关方如何认知风险并作出响应，同时暴露了他们工作中的主要挑战。对AI风险认知范式的持续发现与阐述：a) 为跨学科研究提供了潜在的研究纲领；b) 为AI开发者提供了识别风险的方法；c) 推动了通用计算框架的持续演进。