Good health and well-being is among key issues in the United Nations 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. The rising prevalence of large-scale infectious diseases and the accelerated aging of the global population are driving the transformation of healthcare technologies. In this context, establishing large-scale public health datasets, developing medical models, and creating decision-making systems with a human-centric approach are of strategic significance. Recently, by leveraging the extraordinary number of accessible cameras, groundbreaking advancements have emerged in AI methods for physiological signal monitoring and disease diagnosis using camera sensors. These approaches, requiring no specialized medical equipment, offer convenient manners of collecting large-scale medical data in response to public health events. Therefore, we outline a prospective framework and heuristic vision for a camera-based public health (CBPH) framework utilizing visual physiological monitoring technology. The CBPH can be considered as a convenient and universal framework for public health, advancing the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, particularly in promoting the universality, sustainability, and equity of healthcare in low- and middle-income countries or regions. Furthermore, CBPH provides a comprehensive solution for building a large-scale and human-centric medical database, and a multi-task large medical model for public health and medical scientific discoveries. It has a significant potential to revolutionize personal monitoring technologies, digital medicine, telemedicine, and primary health care in public health. Therefore, it can be deemed that the outcomes of this paper will contribute to the establishment of a sustainable and fair framework for public health, which serves as a crucial bridge for advancing scientific discoveries in the realm of AI for medicine (AI4Medicine).

翻译：良好的健康与福祉是联合国2030年可持续发展目标中的关键议题之一。大规模传染病的日益流行以及全球人口加速老龄化正在推动医疗技术的变革。在此背景下，建立大规模公共卫生数据集、开发医疗模型以及创建以人为本的决策系统具有重要的战略意义。近年来，通过利用数量庞大的可及摄像头，基于摄像头传感器的生理信号监测与疾病诊断AI方法取得了突破性进展。这些方法无需专业医疗设备，为应对公共卫生事件提供了便捷的大规模医疗数据收集方式。因此，我们基于视觉生理监测技术，为摄像头公共卫生框架勾勒出一个前瞻性框架与启发式愿景。该框架可被视为一种便捷且普适的公共卫生框架，有助于推进联合国可持续发展目标，特别是在中低收入国家或地区促进医疗保健的普适性、可持续性与公平性。此外，该框架为构建大规模、以人为本的医疗数据库以及面向公共卫生与医学科学发现的多任务大型医疗模型提供了全面解决方案。它在革新公共卫生领域的个人监测技术、数字医疗、远程医疗及初级卫生保健方面具有巨大潜力。因此，本文的研究成果将有助于建立一个可持续且公平的公共卫生框架，该框架可作为推进医学人工智能领域科学发现的关键桥梁。