AI research is increasingly industry-driven, making it crucial to understand company contributions to this field. We compare leading AI companies by research publications, citations, size of training runs, and contributions to algorithmic innovations. Our analysis reveals the substantial role played by Google, OpenAI and Meta. We find that these three companies have been responsible for some of the largest training runs, developed a large fraction of the algorithmic innovations that underpin large language models, and led in various metrics of citation impact. In contrast, leading Chinese companies such as Tencent and Baidu had a lower impact on many of these metrics compared to US counterparts. We observe many industry labs are pursuing large training runs, and that training runs from relative newcomers -- such as OpenAI and Anthropic -- have matched or surpassed those of long-standing incumbents such as Google. The data reveals a diverse ecosystem of companies steering AI progress, though US labs such as Google, OpenAI and Meta lead across critical metrics.

翻译：人工智能研究日益由产业界驱动，因此理解各公司对该领域的贡献至关重要。我们通过研究论文发表量、引用量、训练运行规模以及算法创新贡献等维度，对领先的AI公司进行了比较。分析揭示了谷歌、OpenAI和Meta所发挥的重要作用。我们发现，这三家公司承担了部分最大规模的训练运行，开发了支撑大型语言模型的大部分算法创新，并在多项引用影响力指标上处于领先地位。相比之下，腾讯和百度等中国领先公司在这些指标上的影响力普遍低于美国同行。我们观察到许多产业界实验室都在推进大规模训练运行，而OpenAI和Anthropic等相对较新的参与者在训练规模上已经达到或超越了谷歌等长期行业巨头。数据显示，一个多元化的公司生态正在推动AI进步，尽管谷歌、OpenAI和Meta等美国实验室在关键指标上保持领先。