Neurodiverse learners often require reading supports, yet increasing scaffold richness can sometimes overload attention and working memory rather than improve comprehension. Grounded in the Construction-Integration model and a contingent scaffolding perspective, we examine how structural versus semantic scaffolds shape comprehension and reading experience in a supervised inclusive context. Using an adapted reading interface, we compared four modalities: unmodified text, sentence-segmented text, segmented text with pictograms, and segmented text with pictograms plus keyword labels. In a within-subject pilot with 14 primary-school learners with special educational needs and disabilities, we measured reading comprehension using standardized questions and collected brief child- and therapist-reported experience measures alongside open-ended feedback. Results highlight heterogeneous responses as some learners showed patterns consistent with benefits from segmentation and pictograms, while others showed patterns consistent with increased coordination costs when visual scaffolds were introduced. Experience ratings showed limited differences between modalities, with some apparent effects linked to clinical complexity, particularly for perceived ease of understanding. Open-ended feedback of the learners frequently requested simpler wording and additional visual supports. These findings suggest that no single scaffold is universally optimal, reinforcing the need for calibrated, adjustable scaffolding and provide design implications for human-AI co-regulation in supervised inclusive reading contexts.

翻译：神经多样性学习者常需要阅读支持，但增加支架丰富度有时非但未能改善理解，反而会加重注意力与工作记忆负荷。本研究基于建构-整合模型与情境化支架理论，探讨在监督式融合教育情境下，结构型支架与语义型支架如何影响阅读理解与阅读体验。我们采用经适配的阅读界面，比较了四种模态：未修改文本、句子分节文本、带象形符号的分节文本、以及带象形符号与关键词标签的分节文本。通过针对14名有特殊教育需求与障碍的小学学习者的被试内实验，采用标准化问题测量阅读理解，并收集儿童自评与治疗师评估的简短体验数据及开放式反馈。结果显示响应呈现异质性：部分学习者表现出从分节与象形符号中获益的模式，而另一些学习者则在引入视觉支架后呈现协调成本增加的模式。体验评分显示各模态间差异有限，部分明显效应与临床复杂性相关，尤其体现在感知理解难度方面。学习者的开放式反馈常要求简化措辞并增加视觉辅助。这些发现表明不存在普遍最优的单一支架，凸显了校准式、可调节支架的必要性，并为监督式融合阅读环境中人机协同调节提供了设计启示。