Hardware-friendly quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) decoders are commonly built upon belief propagation (BP) processing. Yet, quantum degeneracy often prevents BP from achieving reliable convergence. To overcome this fundamental limitation, we propose the restart belief (RB) decoder, an iterative BP-based algorithm inspired by branch-and-bound optimization principles. From our analysis we find that the RB decoder represents both the fastest and most accurate decoding algorithm applicable to QLDPC codes to date, conceived with the explicit goal of approaching error correction up to the code distance.

翻译：硬件友好的量子低密度奇偶校验（QLDPC）解码器通常基于置信传播（BP）处理构建。然而，量子简并性常常阻碍BP实现可靠的收敛。为克服这一根本性限制，我们提出重启置信度（RB）解码器，这是一种受分支定界优化原理启发的迭代式BP算法。通过分析，我们发现RB解码器代表了迄今为止适用于QLDPC码的最快且最精确的解码算法，其设计明确旨在逼近码距范围内的纠错能力。