The pervasive role played by software in virtually all industries has fostered ever-increasing development of applied research in software engineering. In this chapter, we contribute our experience in using the V-Model as a framework for teaching how to conduct applied research in empirical software engineering. The foundational idea of using the V-Model is presented, and guidance for using it to frame the research is provided. Furthermore, we show how the framework has been instantiated throughout nearly two decades of PhD theses done at the University of Kaiserslautern (RPTU Kaiserslautern) in partnership with Fraunhofer IESE, including the most frequent usage patterns, how the different empirical methods fit into the framework, and the lessons we have learned from this experience.

翻译：软件在几乎所有行业中的普遍作用推动了软件工程应用研究的不断发展。在本章中，我们分享了使用V模型作为框架来指导如何开展实证软件工程应用研究的经验。文中介绍了采用V模型的基本理念，并提供了运用该模型构建研究框架的指导。此外，我们展示了该框架在近二十年来凯泽斯劳滕大学（RPTU Kaiserslautern）与弗劳恩霍夫IESE研究所合作完成的博士论文中的具体实践案例，包括最常见的使用模式、不同实证方法如何融入该框架，以及我们从这一实践中获得的经验教训。