Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems are expected to play a crucial role in the 5G wireless communication systems. These advanced systems, which are being deployed since 2021, offer significant advantages over conventional communications generations. Unlike previous versions of communication, MIMO systems can transmit various probing signals through their antennas, which may or may not be correlated with each other. This waveform diversity provided by MIMO communication enables enhanced capabilities and improved performance. Numerous research papers have proposed different approaches for beamforming in MIMO communication. We anticipate that our research will provide valuable insights into the performance of different beamforming techniques for MIMO communication systems with planar arrays. We will investigate the 3D beam patterns generated by these constellations using the covariance-based MIMO communication waveform method. MATLAB simulations will be utilized to analyze and evaluate the performance of these methods.

翻译：大规模多输入多输出（MIMO）系统有望在5G无线通信系统中发挥关键作用。这些自2021年开始部署的先进系统，相较于传统通信世代具有显著优势。与先前通信版本不同，MIMO系统可经由天线发射各类探测信号，这些信号彼此之间可能存在相关性。MIMO通信所提供的这种波形分集特性，能够实现更强的通信能力与更优的系统性能。已有众多研究论文提出MIMO通信中不同的波束赋形方法。我们预期本研究将为平面阵列MIMO通信系统中不同波束赋形技术的性能提供有价值的见解。我们将采用基于协方差的MIMO通信波形方法，研究这些阵列结构生成的三维波束方向图。并利用MATLAB仿真对所提方法的性能进行分析与评估。