Based on classical contagion models we introduce an artificial cyber lab: the digital twin of a complex cyber system in which possible cyber resilience measures may be implemented and tested. Using the lab, in numerical case studies, we identify two classes of measures to control systemic cyber risks: security- and topology-based interventions. We discuss the implications of our findings on selected real-world cybersecurity measures currently applied in the insurance and regulation practice or under discussion for future cyber risk control. To this end, we provide a brief overview of the current cybersecurity regulation and emphasize the role of insurance companies as private regulators. Moreover, from an insurance point of view, we provide first attempts to design systemic cyber risk obligations and to measure the systemic risk contribution of individual policyholders.

翻译：基于经典传染模型，我们引入一种人工网络实验室：复杂网络系统的数字孪生体，可在其中实施并测试可能的网络韧性措施。通过数值案例研究，我们利用该实验室识别出两类系统性网络风险控制措施：基于安全性的干预与基于拓扑结构的干预。我们探讨了这些研究结果对当前保险与监管实践中应用或未来网络风险控制讨论中的特定网络安全措施的影响。为此，我们简要概述了当前网络安全监管现状，并强调了保险公司作为私人监管者的角色。此外，从保险视角出发，我们首次尝试设计系统性网络风险义务，并量化个体保单持有人的系统性风险贡献。