The biased interaction game described the operation of systems rooted in boundedly rational interactions under conditions of scarcity. The game explored the influence of bias and demonstrated how hierarchy and inequality are emergent system properties when sources of bias, such as power and scarcity, affect the outcome of interactions in an environment. Bias also impacts the likelihood of the emergence of cooperation. This paper serves as a companion piece to the paper introducing the biased interaction game. It investigates the general applicability of the game and demonstrates how the consideration of bias can modify and improve upon prior systems thinking. In particular, it shows how social systems can be successfully modelled using the biased interaction game and confirms its suitability for modelling extreme examples such as hyper-capitalism and social egalitarianism. It also reveals how biased systems can demonstrate non-linear behaviour, where long periods of system stability are punctuated by short bursts of rapid hierarchical transitions, mimicking real-world observations of social mobility. The paper concludes with a simplified real-world application, modelling the merits of two competing wealth redistribution philosophies: social welfare and a universal basic income

翻译：偏置交互博弈描述了资源稀缺条件下基于有限理性交互的系统运行机制。该博弈探究了偏置因素的影响，并揭示了当权力与稀缺性等偏置源作用于环境中的交互结果时，层级结构与不平等如何作为涌现的系统属性产生。偏置同样影响着合作行为出现的可能性。本文作为偏置交互博弈基础理论的姊妹篇，探讨了该博弈模型的普适性，论证了偏置考量如何修正并完善既有系统思维。研究特别展示了如何运用偏置交互博弈成功建模社会系统，验证了该模型对极端案例（如超资本主义与社会平等主义）的适用性。研究还揭示了偏置系统如何呈现非线性行为特征——系统在长期稳定状态中会间歇性出现层级结构的快速跃迁，这与社会流动性的实际观测现象高度吻合。文末通过简化实例，建模分析了两种竞争性财富再分配理念（社会福利与全民基本收入）的优劣。