Generative AI is reshaping education, but it also raises concerns about instability and overreliance. In programming classrooms, we aim to leverage its feedback capabilities while reinforcing the educator's role in guiding student-AI interactions. We developed ClassAid, a real-time orchestration system that integrates TA Agents to provide personalized support and an AI-driven dashboard that visualizes student-AI interactions, enabling instructors to dynamically adjust TA Agent modes. Instructors can configure the Agent to provide technical feedback (direct coding solutions), heuristic feedback (hint-based guidance), automatic feedback (autonomously selecting technical or heuristic support), or silent operation (no AI support). We evaluated ClassAid through three aspects: (1) the TA Agents' performance, (2) feedback from 54 students and one instructor during a classroom deployment, and (3) interviews with eight educators. Results demonstrate that dynamic instructor control over AI supports effective real-time personalized feedback and provides design implications for integrating AI into authentic educational settings.

翻译：生成式人工智能正在重塑教育领域，但也引发了对其不稳定性和过度依赖的担忧。在编程课堂中，我们旨在利用其反馈能力，同时强化教育工作者在指导学生与人工智能互动方面的作用。我们开发了ClassAid，这是一个实时编排系统，它集成了助教智能体以提供个性化支持，以及一个可视化学生与人工智能互动的AI驱动仪表板，使教师能够动态调整助教智能体的模式。教师可以将智能体配置为提供技术性反馈（直接编码解决方案）、启发性反馈（基于提示的指导）、自动反馈（自主选择技术性或启发性支持）或静默操作（无AI支持）。我们从三个方面评估了ClassAid：（1）助教智能体的性能，（2）在课堂部署期间收集的54名学生和一名教师的反馈，以及（3）对八名教育工作者的访谈。结果表明，教师对人工智能支持的动态控制能够实现有效的实时个性化反馈，并为将人工智能整合到真实教育环境中提供了设计启示。