The study of cooperation within social dilemmas has long been a fundamental topic across various disciplines, including computer science and social science. Recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have significantly reshaped this field, offering fresh insights into understanding and enhancing cooperation. This survey examines three key areas at the intersection of AI and cooperation in social dilemmas. First, focusing on multi-agent cooperation, we review the intrinsic and external motivations that support cooperation among rational agents, and the methods employed to develop effective strategies against diverse opponents. Second, looking into human-agent cooperation, we discuss the current AI algorithms for cooperating with humans and the human biases towards AI agents. Third, we review the emergent field of leveraging AI agents to enhance cooperation among humans. We conclude by discussing future research avenues, such as using large language models, establishing unified theoretical frameworks, revisiting existing theories of human cooperation, and exploring multiple real-world applications.

翻译：社会困境中的合作研究长期以来一直是计算机科学和社会科学等多个学科的基础课题。人工智能（AI）的最新进展极大地重塑了这一领域，为理解和增强合作提供了新的视角。本综述探讨了人工智能与社会困境中合作研究交叉的三个关键领域。首先，聚焦于多智能体合作，我们回顾了支持理性智能体之间合作的内在和外在动机，以及针对不同对手开发有效策略所采用的方法。其次，着眼于人机协作，我们讨论了当前与人类协作的AI算法以及人类对AI智能体的认知偏差。第三，我们回顾了利用AI智能体增强人类之间合作这一新兴领域。最后，我们讨论了未来的研究方向，例如使用大语言模型、建立统一的理论框架、重新审视现有的人类合作理论以及探索多种现实世界应用。