While human-AI collaboration systems have increasingly been built to increase efficiency or support creativity, little work has examined how the design of interactions shapes the social connection between human and artificial agent. We examine how the temporal and visual dimensions of collaboration shape the experience of a writing task. Specifically, we built three variants of an AI-assisted text editor along a spectrum of simulated humanlike interaction (synchronous and with a cursor) to machinelike interaction (asynchronous and without a cursor), and conducted a comparative user study (n=48). Our exploratory findings suggest that synchronous suggestions increased efficiency but led to contextual misalignment, while a visual cursor increased intent understanding but evoked feelings of surveillance. Taken together, humanlike design of artificial agents can create positive social expectations but also elicit social costs, especially without the alignment present in human-human collaboration. We extend our findings into design implications and ethical considerations when building human-AI collaboration systems.

翻译：尽管人机协作系统已日益被构建以提升效率或支持创造力，但少有研究考察交互设计如何塑造人类与人工智能代理之间的社会联系。我们探讨了协作的时间与视觉维度如何塑造写作任务的体验。具体而言，我们构建了三种采用人工智能辅助的文本编辑器变体，它们沿从模拟类人交互（同步并带光标）到机器式交互（异步且无光标）的光谱分布，并进行了对比用户研究（n=48）。我们的探索性发现表明，同步建议提升了效率，但导致了上下文错位；而视觉光标增强了对意图的理解，却引发了被监控感。综合来看，人工智能代理的类人设计能产生积极的社会期望，但也会带来社会成本，尤其是在缺乏人机协作中存在的对齐时。我们将研究结果扩展为构建人机协作系统时的设计启示与伦理考量。