A 64-spin all-to-all current-mode coupling Ising machine is implemented in 65 nm CMOS. The design supports 31 coefficient levels in 0.943 mm2 and achieves Energy-to-Solution (ETS) of 2.28 nJ/edge-bit. Continuous programming refresh not only mitigates leakage but also provides a mechanism for deterministic energy landscape perturbation, which consistently improves solution quality with higher success rate compared to operation without landscape perturbation.

翻译：一款采用65纳米CMOS工艺实现的64自旋全连通电流模式耦合伊辛机。该设计在0.943平方毫米面积内支持31个系数层级，并实现了2.28 nJ/边比特的求解能耗。连续编程刷新不仅能抑制泄漏电流，还可提供确定性能量景观摄动机制；与无景观摄动的运行模式相比，该机制能持续提升解的质量，并获得更高的成功率。