In this paper, the paradigm of thermal noise communication (TherCom) is put forward for future wired/wireless networks with extremely low power consumption. Taking backscatter communication (BackCom) and reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-based radio frequency chain-free transmitters one step further, a thermal noise-driven transmitter might enable zero-signal-power transmission by simply indexing resistors or other noise sources according to information bits. This preliminary paper aims to shed light on the theoretical foundations, transceiver designs, and error performance derivations as well as optimizations of two emerging TherCom solutions: Kirchhoff-law-Johnson-noise (KLJN) secure bit exchange and wireless thermal noise modulation (TherMod) schemes. Our theoretical and computer simulation findings reveal that noise variance detection, supported by sample variance estimation with carefully optimized decision thresholds, is a reliable way of extracting the embedded information from noise modulated signals, even with limited number of noise samples.

翻译：在本文中,热噪音通信模式(TherCom)是为未来电耗极低的有线/无线网络而提出的。将反向散射通信(BackCom)和可重新配置的智能地面无射频链发射机再向前一步,热噪音驱动发射机可以通过简单地根据信息位对阻力或其他噪音源进行索引化,实现零信号传输。本初步文件旨在揭示理论基础、收发器设计、错误性能生成以及两个新兴的TherCom解决方案的优化:Kirchhoff-law-Johnson-noise(KLJN)安全点交换和无线热调制动(TherMod)计划。我们的理论和计算机模拟研究结果显示,噪音差异检测得到抽样差异评估的支持,并经过仔细优化的决定阈值,是从噪声调信号中提取嵌入信息的可靠方法,即使有数量有限的噪音样本。