Despite extensive research on magnetic skyrmions and antiskyrmions, a significant challenge remains in crafting nontrivial high-order skyrmionic textures with varying, or even tailor-made, topologies. We address this challenge, by focusing on a construction pathway of skyrmionic metamaterials within a monolayer thin film and suggest several skyrmionic metamaterials that are surprisingly stable, i.e., long-lived, due to a self-stabilization mechanism. This makes these new textures promising for applications. Central to our approach is the concept of 'simulated controlled assembly', in short, a protocol inspired by 'click chemistry' that allows for positioning topological magnetic structures where one likes, and then allowing for energy minimization to elucidate the stability. Utilizing high-throughput atomistic-spin-dynamic simulations alongside state-of-the-art AI-driven tools, we have isolated skyrmions (topological charge Q=1), antiskyrmions (Q=-1), and skyrmionium (Q=0). These entities serve as foundational 'skyrmionic building blocks' to form the here reported intricate textures. In this work, two key contributions are introduced to the field of skyrmionic systems. First, we present a a novel combination of atomistic spin dynamics simulations and controlled assembly protocols for the stabilization and investigation of new topological magnets. Second, using the aforementioned methods we report on the discovery of skyrmionic metamaterials.

翻译：尽管对磁性斯格明子和反斯格明子已进行了广泛研究，但如何制备具有变化甚至定制拓扑结构的非平凡高阶斯格明子纹理仍是一个重大挑战。我们通过聚焦于单层薄膜内斯格明子超材料的构建路径来应对这一挑战，并提出几种因自稳定机制而异常稳定（即长寿命）的斯格明子超材料。这使得这些新纹理在应用方面前景广阔。我们方法的核心是“模拟可控组装”概念，简言之，这是一种受“点击化学”启发的方案，允许将拓扑磁结构定位在任意所需位置，然后通过能量最小化来阐明其稳定性。利用高通量原子自旋动力学模拟以及先进的人工智能驱动工具，我们分离出了斯格明子（拓扑电荷Q=1）、反斯格明子（Q=-1）和斯格明子ium（Q=0）。这些实体作为基础的“斯格明子构建模块”，形成了本文所报道的复杂纹理。本工作为斯格明子系统领域引入了两项关键贡献。首先，我们提出了一种结合原子自旋动力学模拟与可控组装协议的新方法，用于稳定和研究新型拓扑磁体。其次，利用上述方法，我们报告了斯格明子超材料的发现。