Artificial intelligences (AI) will increasingly participate digitally and physically in conflicts, yet there is a lack of trused communications with humans for humanitarian purposes. In this paper we consider the integration of a communications protocol (the 'whiteflag protocol'), distributed ledger 'blockchain' technology, and information fusion with AI, to improve conflict communications called 'protected assurance understanding situation and entitities' PAUSE. Such a trusted human-AI communication network could provide accountable information exchange regarding protected entities, critical infrastructure, humanitiarian signals and status updates for humans and machines in conflicts. We examine several realistic potential case studies for the integration of these technologies into a trusted human-AI network for humanitarian benefit including mapping a conflict zone with civilians and combatants in real time, preparation to avoid incidents and using the network to manage misinformation. We finish with a real-world example of a PAUSE-like network, the Human Security Information System (HSIS), being developed by USAID, that uses blockchain technology to provide a secure means to better understand the civilian environment.

翻译：人工智能系统将越来越多地以数字和物理形式参与冲突，但当前缺乏用于人道主义目的的可信人机通信机制。本文探讨了通信协议（"白旗协议"）、分布式账本"区块链"技术与人工智能信息融合的集成方案，旨在构建名为"受保护实体保证理解态势与身份验证"（PAUSE）的改进型冲突通信系统。这种可信人机通信网络能够针对冲突中人类与机器涉及的受保护实体、关键基础设施、人道主义信号及状态更新实现可追溯信息交换。我们通过若干现实潜在案例研究分析这些技术整合到可信人机网络中的可行性，包括实时绘制包含平民与战斗人员的冲突区域地图、预防事件发生的准备措施，以及利用该网络管理虚假信息。最后以美国国际开发署正在开发的类PAUSE网络——人类安全信息系统为例，展示其如何运用区块链技术提供更可靠的平民环境认知手段。