The forthcoming generation of wireless technology, 6G, promises a revolutionary leap beyond traditional data-centric services. It aims to usher in an era of ubiquitous intelligent services, where everything is interconnected and intelligent. This vision requires the seamless integration of three fundamental modules: Sensing for information acquisition, communication for information sharing, and computation for information processing and decision-making. These modules are intricately linked, especially in complex tasks such as edge learning and inference. However, the performance of these modules is interdependent, creating a resource competition for time, energy, and bandwidth. Existing techniques like integrated communication and computation (ICC), integrated sensing and computation (ISC), and integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) have made partial strides in addressing this challenge, but they fall short of meeting the extreme performance requirements. To overcome these limitations, it is essential to develop new techniques that comprehensively integrate sensing, communication, and computation. This integrated approach, known as Integrated Sensing, Communication, and Computation (ISCC), offers a systematic perspective for enhancing task performance. This paper begins with a comprehensive survey of historic and related techniques such as ICC, ISC, and ISAC, highlighting their strengths and limitations. It then explores the state-of-the-art signal designs for ISCC, along with network resource management strategies specifically tailored for ISCC. Furthermore, this paper discusses the exciting research opportunities that lie ahead for implementing ISCC in future advanced networks. By embracing ISCC, we can unlock the full potential of intelligent connectivity, paving the way for groundbreaking applications and services.

翻译：即将到来的第六代无线通信技术（6G）预示着超越传统以数据为中心服务的革命性飞跃。其目标是开启一个万物互联、智能泛在的全新时代。这一愿景要求实现三个基础模块的无缝集成：用于信息获取的感知、用于信息共享的通信，以及用于信息处理与决策的计算。这些模块紧密关联，尤其在边缘学习与推理等复杂任务中。然而，各模块性能相互制约，在时间、能量与带宽资源上形成竞争关系。现有技术如通信计算一体化、感知计算一体化及感知通信一体化已在此问题上取得部分进展，但仍难以满足极致的性能需求。为突破这些限制，亟需发展能全面融合感知、通信与计算的新技术。这种一体化方法被称为感知、通信与计算一体化，为提升任务性能提供了系统性视角。本文首先系统综述了通信计算一体化、感知计算一体化及感知通信一体化等历史及相关技术，阐明其优势与局限；继而探讨了面向ISCC的先进信号设计，以及专门适配ISCC的网络资源管理策略；最后展望了在未来先进网络中实现ISCC所面临的激动人心的研究机遇。通过推行ISCC，我们将充分释放智能连接的潜力，为突破性应用与服务开辟道路。