The recent release of ChatGPT has garnered widespread recognition for its exceptional ability to generate human-like responses in dialogue. Given its usage by users from various nations and its training on a vast multilingual corpus that incorporates diverse cultural and societal norms, it is crucial to evaluate its effectiveness in cultural adaptation. In this paper, we investigate the underlying cultural background of ChatGPT by analyzing its responses to questions designed to quantify human cultural differences. Our findings suggest that, when prompted with American context, ChatGPT exhibits a strong alignment with American culture, but it adapts less effectively to other cultural contexts. Furthermore, by using different prompts to probe the model, we show that English prompts reduce the variance in model responses, flattening out cultural differences and biasing them towards American culture. This study provides valuable insights into the cultural implications of ChatGPT and highlights the necessity of greater diversity and cultural awareness in language technologies.

翻译：近期发布的ChatGPT因其在对话中生成类人响应的卓越能力而获得广泛认可。鉴于其用户来自不同国家，且其训练基于包含多元文化和社会规范的大型多语言语料库，评估其文化适应效果至关重要。本文通过分析ChatGPT对旨在量化人类文化差异的问题的响应，探究其内在文化背景。我们的研究结果表明，当以美国背景为提示时，ChatGPT与美国文化表现出强烈一致性，但在适应其他文化背景时效果较差。此外，通过使用不同提示探察模型，我们发现英语提示降低了模型响应的差异，抹平了文化差异，并使其偏向美国文化。本研究为ChatGPT的文化影响提供了宝贵见解，并强调了语言技术中更需提高多样性和文化意识的必要性。