项目名称： 基于熔融盐辅助废弃塑料同步碳化-功能化制备超级电容器碳基材料的研究

项目编号： No.21503055

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 分析化学

项目作者： 程魁

作者单位： 哈尔滨工程大学

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 本项目针对熔融盐辅助碳化处理废弃塑料制备超级电容器碳基材料的基础科学问题展开研究。从废弃塑料的化学组成与结构、熔融盐特性两方面入手，通过优化废弃塑料种类、与熔融盐的比例、反应温度、时间等条件制备出孔径分布可调的碳材料，解析不同塑料种类在熔融盐体系中的碳化机理；通过改变熔融盐组成达到同步碳化以及杂原子原位掺杂改性的目的，阐释杂原子掺杂改性对于电容性能的作用机制；通过在熔融盐体系中引入金属盐组分，一步构筑导电陶瓷相改性的废弃塑料基碳材料，探讨改性后对于碳材料表面状况及电容性能的影响规律，最终建立结构、性能可控的废弃塑料基碳材料的大批量、低成本熔融盐辅助制备方法，为高性能废弃塑料基碳材料的设计和制备研究提供可靠的理论和技术保障。

中文关键词： 废弃塑料；熔融盐；功能化；碳材料；超级电容器

英文摘要： The project is focused on the basic scientific research about the preparation of carbon materials for supercapacitor with waste plastic carbonizing in the molten salt system. Started with the chemical composition, structure, and the characteristics of molten salt of the waste plastic, the carbon materials with different pore size distribution can be prepared through the optimization of waste plastic type, the ratio of molten salt between waste plastic, heating temperature and carbonization time. At the same time, the carbonization mechanism of different types of plastics in the molten salt system can be further revealed. The synchronous carbonization and heteroatomic doping modification will be achieved by changing the composition of the molten salt, which is also helpful to reveal the effect of different heteroatom modification for the capacitive performance. The influence of surface condition (electrical conductivity, wettability) and capacitance performances of the conductive ceramic phase modified carbon materials can be measured through adding metal salts in the molten salt. Based on this project, it is promising to build a method to prepare structure and performance-controlled plastic waste carbon materials with large quantities and low cost through molten salt auxiliary synthesis. In this way, it will reliably provide theoretical and technical support for the design and preparation of waste plastic carbon materials with super performances.

英文关键词： waste plastic;molten salt;functionalization;carbon materials;surpercapacitor