项目名称： 新型正渗透仿生分离膜的制备及应用基础研究

项目编号： No.21476249

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 胡云霞

作者单位： 天津工业大学

项目金额： 81万元

中文摘要： 开发高效节能环保的正渗透膜是当今分离膜领域的前沿课题，对低污染低能耗又高效地获取淡水资源和清洁能源具有重要的科学意义和应用价值。此课题以提高FO膜的水通量和盐截留效率，降低膜的内浓差极化为目标，通过自下而上的方式，以碳纳米管为仿生功能单元，以嵌段共聚物为模板，通过界面作用力的调控，实现碳纳米管的大面积定向排列，制得一种全新高效的仿生FO分离膜。课题紧紧围绕FO分离膜水分子传输与盐组分截留的微界面机制这一关键科学问题展开，使用现代化的显微术、能谱、光谱、色谱等高级分析检测手段追踪仿生分离膜在形成过程中的组分与结构动态变化规律，识别对成膜过程起关键作用的影响因子和机制，进而对仿生分离膜在FO体系中的水通量、反向盐通量（比盐通量）及盐截留效率等性能进行评价测试。本课题的研究成果将丰富高效仿生分离膜的制备和应用基础理论，为其它仿生功能器件的制备提供借鉴。

中文关键词： 正渗透膜；仿生分离膜；碳纳米管；嵌段共聚物；海水淡化

英文摘要： The high energy requirement for current desalination membranes necessitates a new class of forward osmosis membranes to produce fresh water and clean energy through a low-cost, efficient and eco-friendly way. Carbon nanotube-based biomimetic FO membranes are attracting numerous attentions due to its proven excellent water permeability and solute rejection. Despite several studies have attempted to incorporate carbon nanotubes into polymeric membranes, it is challenging to align carbon nanotubes vertically in a large scale and to achieve such robust and defect-free membranes for desalination and clean energy. Here, we propose a novel approach to pattern carbon nanotubes into nano-channels of block copolymer and achieve such FO biomimetic membranes by Bottom-up method, using block copolymer and carbon nanotubes as building blocks. This project will focus on the mechanism study of water and ions transporting through FO membrane, investigate the microstructure-property relationship of biomimetic membrane using the advanced techniques including microscopy, spectroscopy and chromatography, reveal the major factors influencing the membrane structure, properties, and stability, and test the performance of this novel FO membranes such as water permeability, salt rejection and membrane structure parameter. This novelty is of great benefits to its versatile platform for the study of co-assembly of nano-materials and its universal application in the scaling-up production of other functional membranes such as bioreactor and biosensors.

英文关键词： Forward Osmosis Membrane;Biomimetic Filtration Membrane;Carbon Nanotube;Block Copolymer;Desalination