As autonomous vehicles are gradually being deployed in the real world, external Human-Machine Interfaces (eHMIs) are expected to serve as a critical solution for enhancing vehicle-pedestrian communication. However, existing eHMI designs typically focus solely on the ego vehicle's status, which can inadvertently capture pedestrians' attention or encourage misguided reliance on the AV's signals, leading them to neglect scanning for other surrounding hazards. To address this, we propose the Attention-Guiding eHMI (AGeHMI), a projection-based visualization that employs directional cues and risk-based color coding to actively guide pedestrians' attention toward potential environmental dangers. Evaluation through a virtual reality user study (N = 20) suggests that AGeHMI effectively influences participants' visual attention distribution and significantly reduces potential collision risks with surrounding vehicles, while simultaneously improving subjective confidence and reducing cognitive workload.

翻译：随着自动驾驶车辆逐步在现实世界中部署，外部人机界面（eHMI）被寄望成为增强车辆与行人通信的关键解决方案。然而，现有的eHMI设计通常仅聚焦于自车状态，这可能无意中吸引行人的注意力或促使其过度依赖自动驾驶车辆的信号，导致他们忽视对周围其他潜在危险的观察。为解决这一问题，我们提出了注意力引导型eHMI（AGeHMI），这是一种基于投影的可视化系统，利用方向性提示和基于风险的颜色编码，主动引导行人关注环境中潜在的危险。通过虚拟现实用户研究（N = 20）的评估表明，AGeHMI能有效影响参与者的视觉注意力分布，显著降低与周围车辆发生潜在碰撞的风险，同时提升主观信心并减轻认知负荷。