Last-mile delivery of goods has gained a lot of attraction during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, current package delivery processes often lead to parking in the second lane, which in turn has negative effects on the urban environment in which the deliveries take place, i.e., traffic congestion and safety issues for other road users. To tackle these challenges, an effective autonomous delivery system is required that guarantees efficient, flexible and safe delivery of goods. The project LogiSmile, co-funded by EIT Urban Mobility, pilots an autonomous delivery vehicle dubbed the Autonomous Hub Vehicle (AHV) that works in cooperation with a small autonomous robot called the Autonomous Delivery Device (ADD). With the two cooperating robots, the project LogiSmile aims to find a possible solution to the challenges of urban goods distribution in congested areas and to demonstrate the future of urban mobility. As a member of Nieders\"achsische Forschungszentrum f\"ur Fahrzeugtechnik (NFF), the Institute for Software and Systems Engineering (ISSE) developed an integrated software safety architecture for runtime monitoring of the AHV, with (1) a dependability cage (DC) used for the on-board monitoring of the AHV, and (2) a remote command control center (CCC) which enables the remote off-board supervision of a fleet of AHVs. The DC supervises the vehicle continuously and in case of any safety violation, it switches the nominal driving mode to degraded driving mode or fail-safe mode. Additionally, the CCC also manages the communication of the AHV with the ADD and provides fail-operational solutions for the AHV when it cannot handle complex situations autonomously. The runtime monitoring concept developed for the AHV has been demonstrated in 2022 in Hamburg. We report on the obtained results and on the lessons learned.

翻译：末端货物配送在COVID-19疫情期间备受关注。然而，当前的包裹配送流程常导致第二车道停车，进而对配送发生的城市环境产生负面影响，即交通拥堵和其他道路使用者的安全问题。为应对这些挑战，需要一种高效、灵活且安全的自动化配送系统。由EIT城市交通联合资助的LogiSmile项目，采用了一种名为自主集散车（AHV）的自动驾驶配送车辆，与名为自主配送装置（ADD）的小型自主机器人协同工作。通过这两种协同机器人，LogiSmile项目旨在探索解决拥堵区域城市货物分配难题的可行方案，并展示城市交通的未来。作为下萨克森州车辆工程研究中心（NFF）的成员，软件与系统工程研究所（ISSE）开发了一种用于AHV运行时监控的集成软件安全架构，包括：（1）用于AHV车载监控的可靠性防护笼（DC），以及（2）实现AHV车队远程离车监督的远程指挥控制中心（CCC）。DC持续监控车辆，一旦检测到任何安全违规，即将正常驾驶模式切换至降级驾驶模式或故障安全模式。此外，CCC还管理AHV与ADD之间的通信，并在AHV无法自主处理复杂情况时提供故障运行解决方案。为AHV开发的运行时监控概念已于2022年在汉堡完成演示。我们报告了所获成果及经验教训。