TactileWalk evaluates dynamic electrotactile patterns on fingertips for wearable navigation. We developed a fingertip stimulation prototype featuring a 10x6 electrode grid driven by an ESP32 microcontroller and high-voltage drivers to enable rapid, independent electrode activation for spatiotemporal pattern rendering. This research compares three dynamic patterns- Single Line, Double Line, and Box-across eight directions presented on the tactile display at the fingertip. Study 1 (stationary) revealed that simple linear patterns were recognized significantly more accurately than complex shapes. Study 2 (walking) confirmed these cues remain robust under movement, where the Double Line pattern yielded the highest accuracy (90.83%). Participants consistently preferred the reinforcing Double Line and found vertical motion more intuitive while walking. We propose design implications for mobile haptics, advocating for simple, spatially redundant patterns to minimize cognitive load during eyes-free navigation.

翻译：触觉行走评估了用于可穿戴导航的指尖动态电触觉模式。我们开发了一种指尖刺激原型，其采用一个10x6电极网格，由ESP32微控制器和高压驱动器驱动，以实现快速、独立的电极激活，用于时空模式渲染。本研究比较了在指尖触觉显示器上呈现的八个方向上的三种动态模式——单线、双线和方框。研究1（静止状态）表明，简单线性模式的识别准确率显著高于复杂形状。研究2（行走状态）证实这些提示在运动状态下依然保持鲁棒性，其中双线模式获得了最高的准确率（90.83%）。参与者一致倾向于增强型的双线模式，并发现行走时垂直运动更具直觉性。我们提出了移动触觉的设计启示，倡导采用简单且空间冗余的模式，以在无视觉导航时最小化认知负荷。