Real memory chip characterization yields insights into fundamental operational characteristics of modern memory, enabling new mechanisms that improve memory performance, robustness, security, and energy efficiency. We describe our large-scale DRAM characterization laboratory for understanding DRAM. A key building block of this laboratory is DRAM Bender, a versatile and easy-to-use modern DRAM characterization infrastructure. We have updated DRAM Bender to i) introduce support for new types of characterization experiments, ii) expand on its DRAM interface standard support, and iii) make it easier to use at large scale. This paper introduces these updates for the first time. We hope our infrastructure enables the community to discover new problems and solve critical memory scaling issues, enabling the overcoming of the huge memory bottleneck that plagues modern computing systems.

翻译：实际内存芯片特性分析能够揭示现代内存的基本运行特性，从而催生提升内存性能、鲁棒性、安全性与能效的新机制。本文描述了用于理解DRAM的大规模特性分析实验室，其核心组件是DRAM Bender——一个多功能且易用的现代DRAM特性分析基础设施。我们对DRAM Bender进行了升级：1) 新增对新型特性分析实验的支持；2) 扩展其DRAM接口标准兼容范围；3) 提升大规模场景下的易用性。本文首次系统阐述这些改进。我们期望该基础设施能够帮助学界发现新问题、解决关键的内存缩放难题，从而突破困扰现代计算系统的巨大内存瓶颈。