Elections where electors rank the candidates (or a subset of the candidates) in order of preference allow the collection of more information about the electors' intent. The most widely used election of this type is Instant-Runoff Voting (IRV), where candidates are eliminated one by one, until a single candidate holds the majority of the remaining ballots. Condorcet elections treat the election as a set of simultaneous decisions about each pair of candidates. The Condorcet winner is the candidate who beats all others in these pairwise contests. There are various proposals to determine a winner if no Condorcet winner exists. In this paper we show how we can efficiently audit Condorcet elections for a number of variations. We also compare the audit efficiency (how many ballots we expect to sample) of IRV and Condorcet elections.

翻译：选民按偏好顺序对候选人（或部分候选人）进行排序的选举能够收集更多关于选民意图的信息。此类选举中最广泛使用的是即时决选投票（IRV），即逐轮淘汰候选人，直至单一位候选人获得剩余选票的多数。孔多塞选举将选举视为针对每对候选人的同步决策集合。孔多塞胜出者是在这些成对较量中击败所有其他候选人的候选人。若不存在孔多塞胜出者，则存在多种确定胜选人的方案。本文展示了我们如何针对多种变体高效审计孔多塞选举，并比较了IRV与孔多塞选举的审计效率（即预期需要抽样的选票数量）。