This article examines the applicability of the Digital Services Act (DSA) to ChatGPT, arguing that it should be classified as a hybrid of the two types of hosting services: online search engines and platforms. This requires classifying search engines as hosting services, which we show is appropriate under the DSA, thereby resolving an ambiguity in the legal framework. ChatGPT performs core search functions and stores user-provided inputs and custom GPTs, meeting the definition of hosting service. We compare ChatGPT's systemic risks with those of existing Very Large Online Search Engines (VLOSEs) and Platforms (VLOPs), showing that it raises similarly serious concerns regarding illegal content, fundamental rights, democratic integrity, and public health. Now that ChatGPT has reached the 45 million EU user threshold, it should be subject to the most onerous DSA obligations, requiring the assessment and mitigation of risk emanating from both its online search engine- and platform-like characteristics.

翻译：本文探讨了《数字服务法案》对ChatGPT的适用性，主张应将其归类为两种托管服务的混合体：在线搜索引擎与平台。这需要将搜索引擎界定为托管服务，我们论证了该界定在《数字服务法案》框架下的合理性，从而解决了法律体系中的模糊地带。ChatGPT既执行核心搜索功能，又存储用户输入的提示词及自定义GPT模型，符合托管服务的定义。通过比较ChatGPT与现有超大型在线搜索引擎及平台在系统性风险方面的异同，本文揭示其在非法内容、基本权利、民主完整性及公共健康领域引发同等严峻的监管关切。鉴于ChatGPT欧盟用户量已突破4500万门槛，其应当承担《数字服务法案》中最严格的合规义务，这要求针对其兼具搜索引擎与平台双重特性的风险进行评估与缓释。