With the growing interest in using AI and machine learning (ML) in medicine, there is an increasing number of literature covering the application and ethics of using AI and ML in areas of medicine such as clinical psychiatry. The problem is that there is little literature covering the economic aspects associated with using ML in clinical psychiatry. This study addresses this gap by specifically studying the economic implications of using ML in clinical psychiatry. In this paper, we evaluate the economic implications of using ML in clinical psychiatry through using three problem-oriented case studies, literature on economics, socioeconomic and medical AI, and two types of health economic evaluations. In addition, we provide details on fairness, legal, ethics and other considerations for ML in clinical psychiatry.

翻译：随着人工智能（AI）和机器学习（ML）在医学领域应用日益受到关注，已有大量文献探讨了AI和ML在临床精神病学等医学领域的应用及伦理问题。然而，目前鲜有文献系统研究机器学习在临床精神病学中应用所涉及的经济层面问题。本研究通过聚焦于机器学习在临床精神病学中应用的经济影响，旨在填补这一研究空白。本文通过三个面向实际问题的案例研究，结合经济学、社会经济与医学人工智能相关文献，并运用两种类型的卫生经济学评估方法，系统评估了机器学习在临床精神病学中应用的经济影响。此外，我们还详细探讨了机器学习在临床精神病学应用中涉及的公平性、法律、伦理及其他相关考量因素。