There have been rapid advancements in the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) in recent years, greatly revolutionizing the field of natural language processing (NLP) and artificial intelligence (AI) to understand and interact with human language. Therefore, in this work, we conduct a systematic investigation of the literature to identify the prominent themes and directions of LLM developments, impacts, and limitations. Our findings illustrate the aims, methodologies, limitations, and future directions of LLM research. It includes responsible development considerations, algorithmic improvements, ethical challenges, and societal implications of LLM development. Overall, this paper provides a rigorous and comprehensive overview of current research in LLM and identifies potential directions for future development. The article highlights the application areas that could have a positive impact on society along with the ethical considerations.

翻译：近年来，大型语言模型（LLMs）的能力取得了飞速进展，极大地革新了自然语言处理（NLP）和人工智能（AI）领域对人类语言的理解与交互方式。因此，本研究通过系统性文献调研，旨在识别LLM发展、影响及局限性的主要主题与方向。我们的研究结果阐明了LLM研究的目标、方法、局限性及未来方向，涵盖了负责任开发的考量、算法改进、伦理挑战以及LLM发展的社会影响。总体而言，本文对当前LLM研究进行了严谨而全面的综述，并指出了未来发展的潜在方向。文章重点探讨了可能对社会产生积极影响的应用领域及其相关的伦理考量。