Large language models have been demonstrated to be valuable in different fields. ChatGPT, developed by OpenAI, has been trained using massive amounts of data and simulates human conversation by comprehending context and generating appropriate responses. It has garnered significant attention due to its ability to effectively answer a broad range of human inquiries, with fluent and comprehensive answers surpassing prior public chatbots in both security and usefulness. However, a comprehensive analysis of ChatGPT's failures is lacking, which is the focus of this study. Eleven categories of failures, including reasoning, factual errors, math, coding, and bias, are presented and discussed. The risks, limitations, and societal implications of ChatGPT are also highlighted. The goal of this study is to assist researchers and developers in enhancing future language models and chatbots.

翻译：大型语言模型在不同领域已被证明具有重要价值。由OpenAI开发的ChatGPT经过大规模数据训练，通过理解上下文并生成恰当回应来模拟人类对话。因其能有效回答人类广泛的提问，且应答内容流畅全面，在安全性和实用性上均超越既往公开聊天机器人，从而获得广泛关注。然而，目前尚缺乏对ChatGPT失败案例的系统性分析——这正是本研究的核心。我们提出并讨论了包括推理错误、事实错误、数学运算、代码生成和偏见在内的十一类失败案例，同时着重揭示了ChatGPT的风险、局限性及其社会影响。本研究旨在协助研究人员和开发者改进未来语言模型与聊天机器人。