Quantum computing offers significant speedups for simulating physical, chemical, and biological systems, and for optimization and machine learning. As quantum software grows in complexity, the classical simulation of quantum computers, which has long been essential for quality assurance, becomes infeasible. This shift requires new quality-assurance methods that operate directly on real quantum computers. This paper presents the key challenges in testing large-scale quantum software and offers software engineering perspectives for addressing them.

翻译：量子计算为模拟物理、化学和生物系统，以及优化和机器学习提供了显著的加速。随着量子软件复杂度的增加，长期以来对质量保证至关重要的量子计算机经典模拟方法已变得不可行。这一转变需要直接在真实量子计算机上运行的新型质量保证方法。本文阐述了测试大规模量子软件面临的关键挑战，并提供了应对这些挑战的软件工程视角。