As a variety of automated collision prevention systems gain presence within personal vehicles, rating and differentiating the automated safety performance of car models has become increasingly important for consumers, manufacturers, and insurers. In 2023, Swiss Re and partners initiated an eight-month long vehicle testing campaign conducted on a recognized UNECE type approval authority and Euro NCAP accredited proving ground in Germany. The campaign exposed twelve mass-produced vehicle models and one prototype vehicle fitted with collision prevention systems to a selection of safety-critical traffic scenarios representative of United States and European Union accident landscape. In this paper, we compare and evaluate the relative safety performance of these thirteen collision prevention systems (hardware and software stack) as demonstrated by this testing campaign. We first introduce a new scoring system which represents a test system's predicted impact on overall real-world collision frequency and reduction of collision impact energy, weighted based on the real-world relevance of the test scenario. Next, we introduce a novel metric that quantifies the realism of the protocol and confirm that our test protocol is a plausible representation of real-world driving. Finally, we find that the prototype system in its pre-release state outperforms the mass-produced (post-consumer-release) vehicles in the majority of the tested scenarios on the test track.

翻译：随着各类自动防撞系统在个人车辆中日益普及，对汽车型号的自动安全性能进行评级与区分，对消费者、制造商及保险公司而言已变得愈发重要。2023年，瑞士再保险公司与合作伙伴在德国一家经联合国欧洲经济委员会型式认证机构认可且获欧洲新车安全评鉴协会认证的试验场，开展了一项为期八个月的车辆测试项目。该项目选取了代表美国和欧盟事故态势的安全关键交通场景，对十二款量产车型及一款搭载防撞系统的原型车进行了测试。本文基于该测试项目的结果，对这十三套防撞系统（硬件与软件组合）的相对安全性能进行了比较与评估。我们首先提出一种新的评分体系，该体系通过测试场景在现实世界中的相关性进行加权，以反映测试系统对整体实际碰撞频率及碰撞冲击能量降低的预测影响。随后，我们引入一种量化测试规程真实性的新指标，并证实了本测试规程能够合理表征实际驾驶场景。最后，我们发现处于预发布状态的原型系统在测试场地的大多数场景中，其表现优于已量产的（消费者发布后）车辆。