Cognition refers to the function of information perception and processing, which is the fundamental psychological essence of human beings. It is responsible for reasoning and decision-making, while its evaluation is significant for the aviation domain in mitigating potential safety risks. Existing studies tend to use varied methods for cognitive state evaluation yet have limitations in timeliness, generalisation, and interpretability. Accordingly, this study adopts brain functional connectivity with electroencephalography signals to capture associations in brain regions across multiple subjects for evaluating real-time cognitive states. Specifically, a virtual reality-based flight platform is constructed with multi-screen embedded. Three distinctive cognitive tasks are designed and each has three degrees of difficulty. Thirty subjects are acquired for analysis and evaluation. The results are interpreted through different perspectives, including inner-subject and cross-subject for task-wise and gender-wise underlying brain functional connectivity. Additionally, this study incorporates questionnaire-based, task performance-based, and physiological measure-based approaches to fairly label the trials. A multi-class cognitive state evaluation is further conducted with the active brain connections. Benchmarking results demonstrate that the identified brain regions have considerable influences in cognition, with a multi-class accuracy rate of 95.83% surpassing existing studies. The derived findings bring significance to understanding the dynamic relationships among human brain functional regions, cross-subject cognitive behaviours, and decision-making, which have promising practical application values.

翻译：认知是指信息感知与处理的功能，是人类心理活动的根本本质。它负责推理与决策，其评估对于航空领域降低潜在安全风险具有重要意义。现有研究倾向于采用多种方法进行认知状态评估，但在时效性、泛化性和可解释性方面存在局限。为此，本研究采用基于脑电图信号的脑功能连接方法，捕捉多被试大脑区域间的关联性，以评估实时认知状态。具体而言，本研究构建了一个嵌入多屏幕的虚拟现实飞行平台，设计了三种不同的认知任务，每种任务包含三个难度等级。共采集三十名被试的数据进行分析与评估。研究结果从多个角度进行解读，包括任务层面和性别层面的被试内及被试间脑功能连接。此外，本研究结合了基于问卷、任务表现和生理测量的方法，对实验试次进行公平标注。进一步利用活跃的脑连接进行了多类别认知状态评估。基准测试结果表明，所识别的大脑区域对认知具有显著影响，多类别准确率达到95.83%，超越了现有研究。本研究所得发现对于理解人脑功能区域间的动态关系、跨被试认知行为与决策机制具有重要意义，具有广阔的实际应用价值。