We present an architectural alternative to global digital platforms termed grassroots, designed to serve the social, economic, civic, and political needs of local digital communities, as well as their federation. Grassroots platforms may offer local communities an alternative to global digital platforms while operating solely on the smartphones of their members, forsaking any global resources other than the network itself. Such communities may form digital economies without initial capital or external credit, exercise sovereign democratic governance, and federate, ultimately resulting in the grassroots formation of a global digital democracy.

翻译：我们提出了一种称为“草根”的全球数字平台架构替代方案，旨在服务于本地数字社区及其联合体的社会、经济、公民和政治需求。草根平台可以为本地社区提供全球数字平台之外的替代选择，同时仅在其成员的智能手机上运行，除网络本身外不依赖任何全球性资源。此类社区可以在无需初始资本或外部信贷的情况下形成数字经济，行使主权民主治理，并进行联合，最终通过草根方式形成全球数字民主。