Iris recognition systems, operating in the near infrared spectrum (NIR), have demonstrated vulnerability to presentation attacks, where an adversary uses artifacts such as cosmetic contact lenses, artificial eyes or printed iris images in order to circumvent the system. At the same time, a number of effective presentation attack detection (PAD) methods have been developed. These methods have demonstrated success in detecting artificial eyes (e.g., fake Van Dyke eyes) as presentation attacks. In this work, we seek to alter the optical characteristics of artificial eyes by affixing Vanadium Dioxide (VO2) films on their surface in various spatial configurations. VO2 films can be used to selectively transmit NIR light and can, therefore, be used to regulate the amount of NIR light from the object that is captured by the iris sensor. We study the impact of such images produced by the sensor on two state-of-the-art iris PA detection methods. We observe that the addition of VO2 films on the surface of artificial eyes can cause the PA detection methods to misclassify them as bonafide eyes in some cases. This represents a vulnerability that must be systematically analyzed and effectively addressed.

翻译：虹膜识别系统在近红外光谱（NIR）下运行时，已被证明易受呈现攻击，攻击者利用化妆隐形眼镜、人工眼球或打印虹膜图像等伪造物来绕过系统。与此同时，已开发出多种有效的呈现攻击检测（PAD）方法。这些方法在检测人工眼球（例如仿制范戴克眼球）作为呈现攻击方面展现了成功性。在本研究中，我们尝试通过以不同空间配置在人工眼球表面贴附二氧化钒（VO2）薄膜来改变其光学特性。VO2薄膜可选择性地透射近红外光，从而调节虹膜传感器捕获物体发出的近红外光量。我们研究了此类由传感器生成的图像对两种最先进的虹膜呈现攻击检测方法的影响。观察到，在人工眼球表面添加VO2薄膜可导致这些呈现攻击检测方法在某些情况下将其误分类为真实眼球。这表明存在一种必须系统分析并有效解决的漏洞。