We introduce Brain-Artificial Intelligence Interfaces (BAIs) as a new class of Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs). Unlike conventional BCIs, which rely on intact cognitive capabilities, BAIs leverage the power of artificial intelligence to replace parts of the neuro-cognitive processing pipeline. BAIs allow users to accomplish complex tasks by providing high-level intentions, while a pre-trained AI agent determines low-level details. This approach enlarges the target audience of BCIs to individuals with cognitive impairments, a population often excluded from the benefits of conventional BCIs. We present the general concept of BAIs and illustrate the potential of this new approach with a Conversational BAI based on EEG. In particular, we show in an experiment with simulated phone conversations that the Conversational BAI enables complex communication without the need to generate language. Our work thus demonstrates, for the first time, the ability of a speech neuroprosthesis to enable fluent communication in realistic scenarios with non-invasive technologies.

翻译：我们提出脑-人工智能接口（BAIs）作为脑-机接口（BCIs）的新型类别。与传统BCI依赖于完整的认知能力不同，BAI利用人工智能的力量替代神经认知处理流水线中的部分环节。BAI允许用户通过提供高层级意图完成复杂任务，而由预训练的人工智能代理决定低层级细节。该方法将BCI的目标人群扩展至存在认知障碍的个体——这类人群常被排除在传统BCI的受益范围之外。我们介绍了BAI的总体概念，并通过基于EEG的对话式BAI阐释该新方法的潜力。特别地，我们通过一项模拟电话对话的实验证明，对话式BAI能够在无需生成语言的情况下实现复杂通信。因此，本研究首次展示了语音神经假体在现实场景中利用非侵入技术实现流畅通信的能力。