Ensuring the integrity of quantum circuits is a significant challenge in the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) era, where circuits are subject to compilation transformations, hardware constraints, and potential adversarial modifications. Existing validation approaches typically rely on either structural analysis or behavioral evaluation, leading to incomplete assessment of circuit correctness. In this work, we investigate the relationship between structural, interaction-level, and behavioral perspectives of circuit integrity, demonstrating that a single aspect of integrity is insufficient to guarantee circuit integrity; structural similarity alone does not ensure behavioral equivalence. To address this problem, we use a three-layer metric framework that combines the Structural Integrity Score (SIS), the Operational Integrity Score (OIS), and the Interaction Graph Semantic-Logical Score (IGS). SIS captures global structural properties, OIS quantifies behavioral divergence using Jensen-Shannon distance, and IGS models interaction patterns and dependencies in a pre-execution setting. Through controlled anomaly injection on benchmark quantum circuits, we demonstrate that each metric captures a different aspect of circuit deviation. In particular, structural blind-spot cases (SIS >= 0.95) reveal a clear limitation of structural analysis, where OIS detects anomalies in 93.85% of instances, while IGS detects 72.58%. These results highlight that the metrics provide complementary insights and that a single metric is insufficient for reliable circuit validation.

翻译：在含噪中等规模量子（NISQ）时代，量子电路需经历编译变换、硬件约束及潜在恶意修改，确保其完整性是一项重大挑战。现有验证方法通常仅依赖结构分析或行为评估，导致对电路正确性的评估不完整。本文研究了电路完整性在结构层面、交互层面与行为层面之间的关系，证明单一完整性维度不足以确保电路完整性——结构相似性本身无法保证行为等价性。为此，我们采用三层度量框架，整合结构完整性评分(SIS)、操作完整性评分(OIS)与交互图谱语义逻辑评分(IGS)。SIS表征全局结构特性，OIS通过詹森-香农距离量化行为偏差，IGS在预执行环境下建模交互模式与依赖关系。通过在基准量子电路中进行受控异常注入实验，我们证明每项度量可捕捉电路偏差的不同方面。尤其值得注意的是，结构盲点案例（SIS≥0.95）揭示了结构分析的明显局限：OIS可检测其中93.85%的异常，而IGS仅检测72.58%。结果表明这些度量能提供互补性信息，单一度量不足以实现可靠的电路验证。