We introduce two models of multiwinner elections with approval preferences and labelled candidates that take the committee's diversity into account. One model aims to find a committee with maximal diversity given a scoring function (e.g. of a scoring-based voting rule) and a lower bound for the score to be respected. The second model seeks to maximize the diversity given a minimal satisfaction for each agent to be respected. To measure the diversity of a committee, we use multiple diversity indices used in ecology and introduce one new index. We define (desirable) properties of diversity indices, test the indices considered against these properties, and characterize the new index. We analyze the computational complexity of computing a committee for both models and scoring functions of well-known voting rules, and investigate the influence of weakening the score or satisfaction constraints on the diversity empirically.

翻译：本文提出了两种考虑委员会多样性的多赢家选举模型，该模型采用认可偏好和带标签候选人。第一种模型旨在给定评分函数（例如基于评分的投票规则）及需满足的最低分数下限条件下，寻找具有最大多样性的委员会。第二种模型则在满足每个代理人最低满意度约束的前提下，力求最大化多样性。为衡量委员会的多样性，我们采用了生态学中使用的多种多样性指数，并引入了一种新指数。我们定义了多样性指数的（理想）性质，依据这些性质检验了所考虑的指数，并对新指数进行了特征刻画。针对两种模型及知名投票规则的评分函数，我们分析了计算委员会的计算复杂度，并通过实证研究探讨了放宽分数或满意度约束对多样性的影响。