AI systems are increasingly being adopted across various domains and application areas. With this surge, there is a growing research focus and societal concern for actively involving humans in developing, operating, and adopting these systems. Despite this concern, most existing literature on AI and Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) primarily focuses on explaining how AI systems operate and, at times, allowing users to contest AI decisions. Existing studies often overlook more impactful forms of user interaction with AI systems, such as giving users agency beyond contestability and enabling them to adapt and even co-design the AI's internal mechanics. In this survey, we aim to bridge this gap by reviewing the state-of-the-art in Human-Centered AI literature, the domain where AI and HCI studies converge, extending past Explainable and Contestable AI, delving into the Interactive AI and beyond. Our analysis contributes to shaping the trajectory of future Interactive AI design and advocates for a more user-centric approach that provides users with greater agency, fostering not only their understanding of AI's workings but also their active engagement in its development and evolution.
翻译:人工智能系统正日益广泛地应用于各个领域和应用场景。随着这种激增,学术界和社会越来越关注如何让人类积极参与这些系统的开发、运营和采用。尽管存在这种关注,现有关于人工智能和人机交互的文献大多主要聚焦于解释人工智能系统的运作方式,有时允许用户质疑人工智能的决策。现有研究往往忽视了用户与人工智能系统之间更具影响力的交互形式,例如赋予用户超越质疑能力的自主权,使其能够调整甚至共同设计人工智能的内部机制。在本综述中,我们旨在通过回顾以人为中心的人工智能文献的最新进展来弥合这一差距——该领域融合了人工智能与人机交互研究,超越了可解释与可质疑人工智能的范畴,深入探讨交互式人工智能及更前沿的方向。我们的分析有助于塑造未来交互式人工智能设计的轨迹,并倡导采用更以用户为中心的方法,赋予用户更大的自主权,不仅促进他们对人工智能运作机制的理解,更推动他们积极参与其开发与演进过程。