Sensing privacy and communication confidentiality play fundamentally different but interconnected roles in adversarial wireless environments. Capturing this interplay within a single physical-layer framework is particularly challenging in integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems, where the same waveform simultaneously serves dual purposes. We study a secure ISAC system in which a monostatic transmitter simultaneously sends a confidential message to a legitimate receiver and senses an environmental state, while a passive adversary attempts both message decoding and state estimation. We partially characterize the fundamental trade-offs among three performance measures: the transmitter's secrecy rate, its detection exponent, and the adversary's detection exponent. Beyond the joint input distribution that governs overall performance, the trade-offs are further shaped by the transmitter's ability to extract keys via feedback and hide both the content and structure of the codewords via wiretap and resolvability codes. We derive an achievable region, and illustrate the resulting design trade-offs through a numerical example.

翻译：在对抗性无线环境中，感知隐私与通信保密性扮演着根本不同但相互关联的角色。在集成感知与通信（ISAC）系统中，同一波形需同时服务于双重目的，要在单一物理层框架内捕捉这种相互作用尤为困难。本文研究一种安全ISAC系统，其中单基地发射机同时向合法接收机发送机密消息并感知环境状态，而被动攻击者则试图同时进行消息解码与状态估计。我们部分刻画了三个性能指标之间的基本权衡关系：发射机的保密速率、其检测指数以及攻击者的检测指数。除了决定整体性能的联合输入分布外，这种权衡关系还受到发射机通过反馈提取密钥的能力，以及通过窃听码与可分辨码隐藏码字内容与结构的能力的影响。我们推导出一个可达区域，并通过数值算例阐释了由此产生的设计权衡。