The high rate of development of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has brought to attention new challenges in the area of data security, especially within the resource-limited realm of RFID tags, sensors, and embedded systems. Traditional cryptographic implementations can be of inappropriate computational complexity and energy usage and hence are not suitable on these platforms. This paper examines the design, implementation, and testing of lightweight cryptographic algorithms that have been specifically designed to be used in secure embedded systems. A comparison of some of the state-of-the-art lightweight encryption algorithms, that is PRESENT, SPECK, and SIMON, focuses on the main performance indicators, i.e., throughput, use of memory, and energy utilization. The study presents novel lightweight algorithms that are founded upon the Feistel-network architecture and their safety under cryptanalytic attacks, e.g., differential and linear cryptanalysis. The proposed solutions are proven through hardware implementation on the FPGA platform. The results have shown that lightweight cryptography is an effective strategy that could be used to establish security and maintain performance in the IoT and other resource-limited settings.

翻译：物联网（IoT）设备的高速发展使得数据安全领域面临新的挑战，尤其是在RFID标签、传感器和嵌入式系统等资源受限环境中。传统密码学实现往往具有不适宜的计算复杂度和能耗，因此不适用于这些平台。本文研究了专为安全嵌入式系统设计的轻量级密码算法的设计、实现与测试。通过对PRESENT、SPECK和SIMON等前沿轻量级加密算法的比较分析，重点关注吞吐量、内存占用和能耗等核心性能指标。本研究提出了基于Feistel网络架构的新型轻量级算法，并分析了其在差分密码分析和线性密码分析等密码攻击下的安全性。所提出的方案通过在FPGA平台上的硬件实现得到验证。结果表明，轻量级密码学是一种有效策略，能够在物联网及其他资源受限环境中实现安全防护并保持系统性能。